A life-cycle assessment of Portland cement manufacturing: …
In addition to the generation of CO 2 the cement manufacturing process produces millions of tons of the waste product cement kiln dust (CKD) ... Therefore, in an attempt to reduce uncertainty this study presents a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment of several cement products. Since cement manufacturing is the most energy and …
Development of Radioactive Concrete Waste …
The crushed concrete parts are heated at about 300 to 700 °C in a furnace for 1 h. The heated concrete waste are crushed by ball mill for about 1 h. The processed product is separated into gravel aggregate (> 5 mm), sand aggregate (1-5 mm) and cement paste (< 1 mm) by sieving. According to the experiments carried out by KAERI, contamination ...
How Cement is Made
Stage of Cement Manufacture. There are six main stages of the cement manufacturing process. Stage 1: Raw Material Extraction/Quarry The raw cement ingredients needed for cement production are limestone (calcium), sand and clay (silicon, aluminum, iron), shale, fly ash, mill scale, and bauxite. The ore rocks are quarried and crushed into smaller …
Natural Radioactivity and Hazard Level Assessment of Cements and Cement
Assessment of radioactivity levels and radiation hazards using gamma spectrometry in soil samples of Edirne, Turkey. ... During the manufacturing process in the cement industry, raw materials of ...
Assessment of radioactivity and trace elements of cement …
It is obvious that radioactivity in cement poses an immediate source of radiation exposure to workers in the cement industry and general public once cement …
Assessment of CO2 capture technologies in cement manufacturing process
Abstract. In this paper, an assessment of the viability of 3 CO2 capture technologies for the cement industry is performed; post-combustion absorptive capture (MEA) and oxy-combustion options are ...
(PDF) Life Cycle Assessment of Ethiopian Cement Manufacturing…
Process emissions accounted for 60% of overall CO2 emissions, with energy-related emissions accounting for the remaining 40%. CO2 emissions of MCF are below the global limit of 0.9 tons/ton of ...
Evaluation Of The Environmental Radioactivity Around Dangote Cement
Radioactive elements are used in industry to study the defect in metals and welded pointed and to trace underground pipe leakage. The reading on the detector increases when a leak is detected as the radiation can escape through the hole in the pipe. 2.4 Sources of Radioactive Radiation. There are two types of radiation sources; Natural sources
A review of the effectiveness of Life Cycle Assessment for …
Fig. 1 shows an example of the traditional cement production cradle-to-gate approach LCA with the system boundaries including all the inputs and outputs, such as raw materials extraction (quarrying), transportation (handling and shipping), raw materials preparation (crushing, homogenization, and mixing), energy use in each process step, …
Assessment of CO2 Capture Technologies in Cement Manufacturing Process
Evaluation of Carbon Capture Potential in the Brazilian Cement Sector. Camilla C. N. de OliveiraA. SzkloP. Rochedo. Environmental Science, Engineering. 2016. Cement industry has always been among the largest industrial CO2 emission sources, accounting for 7% of global CO2 emission from stationary sources.
Assessment of Natural Radioactivity Levels of Cements and …
In cement composites, the concentrations of natural radionuclides 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K were measured in compact samples. The secular equilibrium between …
Assessment of Natural Radioactivity Levels of Cements and Cement …
The results may be useful in the assessment of the exposures and the radiation doses due to the natural radioactive element contents in cement samples. The mean activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K were 13.82, 20.07 and 327.36 Bq·kg −1 in cement samples and 8.52, 16.47 and 354.39 Bq·kg −1 in cement …
Natural radioactivity and human exposure by raw …
During the manufacturing process in the cement industry, raw materials of different levels of natural radioactivity are utilized. In this study we present the radiological impact of cements...
radioactivity assessment in cement manufacturing process
Assessment of radioactivity and trace elements of cement … - RADIOACTIVITY CONCENTRATION AND DOSE … generated during the cement manufacturing process consist primarily of particulates from the raw and finished materials, and fuel combustion by-products. Particulate matter are emitted through the following stages: 1. Procurement of …
Evaluation of Carbon Emission Factors in the Cement …
The cement industry is a major contributor to carbon emissions, responsible for 5–8% of global emissions. This industry is expanding, particularly in emerging economies, and it is expected that CO2 emissions will rise by 4% by 2050. To address this critical concern, this paper identifies ten factors that contribute to carbon emissions in the …
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN CEMENT INDUSTRY
Dust emissions are one of the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing and associated with handling and storage of raw materials (including crushing and grinding of raw materials), solid fuels, transportation of materials (e.g. by trucks or conveyor belts), kiln systems, clinker coolers, and mills, including clinker and limestone burning and …
A life-cycle assessment of Portland cement manufacturing: …
Concern over the impact of anthropogenic carbon emissions on the global climate has increased in recent years due to growth in global warming awareness. Approximately 5% of global CO 2 emissions originate from the manufacturing of cement, the third largest source of carbon emission in the United States. In addition to the …
Implementation of best available techniques in cement manufacturing…
1. Introduction. The production of cement involves the consumption of large quantities of raw materials and energy (heat and electricity). The manufacturing process is very complex, involving a high number of materials (with varying material properties), pyroprocessing techniques (van Oss and Padovani, 2002, 2003), and fuel sources (e.g., …
Natural Radioactivity and Hazard Level Assessment of …
In this study, cement factory raw materials, intermediate materials, and five different types of cement samples were investigated to determine the activity …
Assessment of CO2 capture technologies in cement manufacturing process
Abstract. In this paper, an assessment of the viability of 3 CO 2 capture technologies for the cement industry is performed; post-combustion absorptive capture (MEA) and oxy-combustion options are concepts already used by other industries and currently explored by the power sector; calcium looping post-combustion capture …
Recent development on the uses of alternative fuels in cement
The basic chemistry of the cement manufacturing process begins with calcination, the decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) at about 900 °C to leave calcium oxide (CaO, lime) and liberate gaseous carbon dioxide (CO 2).This is followed by the clinkering process in which the calcium oxide reacts at high temperature (typically …
(PDF) A life-cycle assessment of Portland cement …
A life-cycle assessment of Portland cement manufacturing: comparing the traditional process with alternative technologies . × ... Process flow diagram for the cement manufacturing process, showing energy …
IMPROVING THERMAL AND ELECTRIC ENERGY EFFICIENCY AT CEMENT …
the range of 30 to 300 kW, costs are estimated at € 115 to. € 130 per kW ($120 to $140 per kW).72 Based on these, the. specific costs for a modern cement plant were estimated to. be roughly ...
Assessment of radioactivity levels in some cement produced …
The specific activities of the naturally occurring radionuclides present in ten Portland cement samples that can cause possible health hazards were determined …
Life Cycle Assessment of Ordinary Portland Cement …
The use of LCA for the assessment of the environmental impacts of the cement manufacturing process has been explored by different scientists in various parts of the world. ... and terrestrial ecotoxicity (10.7%). The contribution of electricity usage to ionization radiation was 2.2%, followed by human non-carcinogenic toxicity (1.38%), …
Analyzing thermodynamic improvement potential of a selected cement
For raw material preparation and cement grinding, the main energy carrier is electricity whilst the thermal energy is consumed in the calcination process of clinker manufacturing. In the present study, a Moroccan cement plant with 1.2 million tons as an annual production capacity is considered as a case study for the exergy analysis …
Natural Radioactivity and Hazard Level Assessment of …
Natural Radioactivity and Hazard Level Assessment of Cements and Cement Raw Materials. January 2019. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-95888-0_14. In book: …
Environmental Impact Assessments for Cement Plants
This Technical Note is a basic document and is designed to assist borrowers (project sponsors) in understanding what IDB requires on an ESIA for a proposed cement plant. This document is not intended to provide a complete or detailed guidance on the preparation of an ESIA, but rather the basic ESIA requirements.
A life-cycle assessment of Portland cement manufacturing: …
In this paper LCA is used to evaluate the environmental impact of four cement manufacturing processes: (1) the production of traditional Portland cement, (2) blended cement (natural pozzolans), (3) cement where of waste cement kiln dust is recycled into the kiln process, and (4) Portland cement produced when cement kiln dust (CKD) …
Multivariate statistical assessment of natural …
The present study aimed to assess radioactivity level in thirty cement samples from ve main cement types manufactured and commonly used in Cameroon using a gamma-ray spectrometric technique based-Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe-6530 model) Canberra coaxial detector. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40 K in cement …