Role of Micronutrients in Secondary Metabolism of Plants
These compounds are known as plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) which play an important role in plants by making a strong interaction of plants with the surroundings for their fitness and survival (Wink 2010; Kliebenstein 2012).Secondary metabolites may function as signal compounds within and between the plants, for …
Plant Secondary Metabolites: The Weapons for Biotic Stress …
6.1.4. Secondary Metabolites as Regulators of Plant Defense. It has now been established that at least five kinds of secondary metabolites, such as benzoxazinoids, terpenes, glucosinolates, green-leaf volatiles, and aromatics, can potentially regulate in-plant defense against biotic stress [ 14, 22 ].
Iron homeostasis in plants – a brief overview
Iron homeostasis is maintained through the action of five processes: high affinity uptake systems, transport and distribution, use in cofactors (metabolism), storage mechanisms and tight regulation of the first four …
Radiochemical Evidence for the Contribution of Chemotyped …
Fe deficiency is a major challenge that limits agricultural productivity and is a serious human health concern worldwide. Under iron-limiting conditions soil microorganisms produce siderophores, that chelates Fe3+ (ferric) and make it available to the plants. Selection of efficient siderophore producing bacteria and establishing their …
Ecophysiology of iron homeostasis in plants
In nature, iron (Fe) occurs in abundance and ranks fourth among all elements on Earth's surface. Still, its availability to plants is reduced, once this element is in the form of hydrated oxides, which can limit plant productivity and biomass production. On the other hand, in high concentrations, this essential micronutrient for the plants ...
How plants iron out the competing interests of growth and …
The authors show that in plants starved of iron, two key proteins for iron uptake — an enzyme called FRO2 and the iron-transporter protein IRT1 — are not induced in the presence of flg22 (Fig. 1).
Iron homeostasis and plant immune responses: Recent …
A second iron-sequestering protein with a known role in pathogen responses was also recently identified in ( 100 ): Plant defensin proteins (PDF1.1, 1.2, and 1.3) are immune-regulated and inhibit the growth of fungal plant pathogens ( 101, – 104 ). Like …
Iron deficiency in plants: an update on homeostasis and its …
The concerted information on the role of CO 2 in improving endogenous NO concentration in iron deprived plants would be important to understand how CO 2 alleviates iron scarcity ... Geigenberger P, Zocchi G, Nishizawa NK (2016) Knocking down mitochondrial iron transporter (MIT) reprograms primary and secondary metabolism in …
Metabolic regulation of pH in plant cells: role of cytoplasmic …
A new biochemical pH-stat hypothesis that revised the classic hypothesis is presented to understand the metabolic regulation of intracellular pH in plant cells. Alternative pathway glycolysis, alternative pathway respiration and malate-derived lactic and alcoholic fermentation (alternative pathway f …
Plant-Mediated Synthesis and Applications of Iron Nanoparticles
Synthesis of iron nanoparticles (INPs) by using plant extract is now of great interest in order to develop a novel and sustainable approach toward green chemistry. In this method the chemical ...
Plant iron acquisition strategy exploited by an insect herbivore
Iron (Fe) can be a limiting micronutrient for plants and herbivores ().Plants increase Fe availability by secreting reducing agents and Fe chelators, so-called phytosiderophores, into the rhizosphere ().Benzoxazinoid secondary metabolites, which are produced and exuded by grasses such as maize, may act as phytosiderophores in …
Iron metabolism: Pathophysiology and Pharmacology
Iron imbalance – at the origin of numerous pathologies. Iron is used by almost all organisms and is essential for their development and survival [].It is a vital part of various enzymes involved in many biological processes, including DNA biosynthesis, oxygen transport, and cellular energy generation [].Under physiological conditions, iron …
Linking soil phosphorus fractions to abiotic factors
Secondly, the higher SOC concentration in late succession could indirectly enhance P sorption by inhibiting the crystallization of iron oxides (Borggaard, 1986) or by increasing the concentration of carboxyl (organic matter) to facilitate strong Pi adsorption, thus reducing phosphate ion activities and preventing their immobilization by ...
Iron homeostasis in plants and its crosstalk with copper, zinc, …
As a result, iron is tightly regulated in plants; both sub or supra optimum levels of iron can affect plant response under biotic and abiotic stresses. Plants have …
Iron nutrition in plants: an overview
concentration 'window of Fe uptake' in which plants can benefit from phytosiderophore-mediated Fe uptake. In plants from both strategies, insoluble Fe pools might be detected in the apoplast as well as in the root surface, the so-called iron plaque. The formation of the iron plaque is a consequence of the oxidation of ferrous
Iron Availability and Homeostasis in Plants: A Review of …
To cope with iron oxidative stress, plants have developed defense systems involving the complementary action of antioxidant enzymes and molecular antioxidants, …
Role of Iron in Plant Nutrition, Growth and Metabolism
Iron shortage in plants might be prevented by the application of Fe fertilizers either at the soil or leaf level. Fertilization of Fe has been lately also used not only to counteract limited Fe uptake but also to enhance Fe allocation obtaining Fe-enriched crops (i.e., biofortification). This Special Issue focuses on the following aspects: (i ...
Plant Secondary Metabolites and Abiotic Stress Tolerance
6. Plant secondary metabolites and abiotic stress tolerance. Metabolic processes that lead to the accumulation of natural products are affected by the concentrations of various PSMs, which greatly affect growth conditions. Numerous typical reactions occur when abiotic stresses affect the stimulation of PSMs.
Iron homeostasis and plant immune responses: Recent …
In all plants, low iron availability, from microbial siderophores or iron-sequestering proteins, triggers immunity and the iron deficiency response. In biofortified …
Iron plaque formation and its effect on key elements cycling …
Ecological restoration of wetland plants has emerged as an environmentally-friendly and less carbon footprint method for treating secondary effluent wastewater. Root iron plaque (IP) is located at the important ecological niches in constructed wetlands (CWs) ecosystem and is the critical micro-zone for pollutants …
Microbial regulation of plant secondary metabolites: …
1. Introduction. Plant secondary metabolism is the chemical process by which activated substances are synthesized and decomposed in plants. They are non-essential for plant survival but do have specific functions under certain conditions (Yang et al., 2018, Ahanger et al., 2020).Most drugs are derived directly from plant extracts or …
Is Iron Sulphate Good for Plants? | Benefits, Side Effects, and …
Iron sulphate, also known as ferrous sulphate or copperas, is a chemical compound with the formula FeSO4. It is a blue-green crystalline solid that is soluble in water. Iron sulphate is a common fertilizer and is used to treat iron deficiency in plants. It is also used in the production of inks, dyes, and pigments.
Iron deficiency in plants: an update on homeostasis and its
Experiment conducted by Jin et al. on effect of carbon dioxide in response to iron scarcity on Lycopersicum esculentum demonstrated that elevated CO 2 increases …
Iron homeostasis and plant immune responses: Recent …
Overview of plant iron metabolism. Iron is highly abundant in soil, but most iron is bound in oxidized and insoluble ferric forms, which are biologically inactive . Consequently, the concentration of free iron in most soils is estimated at 10 −15 to 10 −17 m, far below what is required for optimal plant growth, 10 −9 to 10 −4 m ...
New Insights into the Transport Mechanisms in Plant Vacuoles
Iron. Iron is an essential element and indispensable for plant growth. Cellular iron concentration is controlled in a highly regulated manner. One important control mechanism for intracellular iron concentrations is the storage of large amounts of Fe atoms by ferritin (Theil, 2004). Vacuolar sequestration of Fe ions is another crucial way to ...
Effects, uptake and translocation of iron (Fe) based …
Iron NPs are remarkably powerful adsorbents due to the unique structure and electronic properties. Magnetic FeNPs can be easily separated from the adsorbing medium by a magnetic field [14].Iron NPs uptake and transportation is evaluated in many plant, FeNPs can also adhere to the soil particles for easy uptake [15].Zhu et al. [16] reported …
(PDF) Nickel, Iron and Their Diverse Role in …
element is involved in plant metabolism. As a c ritical component of proteins and enzymes, iron plays a. significant role in basic biological processes such as photosynthes is, chlorophyll ...
A review of iron use and recycling in municipal wastewater …
Recently, the recovery of organic matter from sewage has attracted considerable attention. The chemical energy contained in organic matter in sewage is theoretically more than 2.4–6.4 times the energy consumed by the entire sewage plant (based on the conventional activated sludge process) (Gulhan et al., 2022).However, the …
Iron nutrition in plants: an overview | Plant and Soil
Background Plants require iron for a large number of metabolic processes. Due to its low availability in high pH soils, and the impaired acquisition by roots, iron chlorosis is one of the most important limiting factors on plant development in many countries. Scope This editorial paper gives an overview of the latest aspects related to …
Chloroplast Iron Transport Proteins – Function and Impact on Plant
The iron concentration in shoots of nap14 loss of function mutants is dramatically increased (18 times higher than in wild-type plants), whereas in roots it is approximately 50% lower. Moreover, this mutant showed damage to chloroplast structures, exhibited severe growth defects, strong chlorosis and a deregulation of the Fe …