Mining
Mining is the process of extracting useful materials from the earth. Some examples of substances that are mined include coal, gold, or iron ore.Iron . ore is the material from which the metal iron is produced.. The process of mining dates back to prehistoric times.. Prehistoric people first mined flint, which was ideal for tools and …
Ground stability analysis and control of large-scale isolated …
Ground stability analysis and control for the large-scale isolated stope mining. ... In the process of mining underground ore bodies, due to the unreasonable mining sequence, a number of isolated stopes appear [1], [2]. Since the isolated stope is surrounded by goafs, it is subjected to a large roof load, resulting in the stress …
Analyzing Stability Conditions and Ore Dilution in Open …
Ore dilution is a fundamental problem for the production process in underground mining operations. Especially in open stoping methods of underground mining, the continuous estimation, monitoring and treatment of instability issues is considered …
Sublevel Stoping Mining Method | SpringerLink
The sublevel stoping mining method is mainly used to mine the inclined to steeply inclined, thin to medium-thick ore bodies, requiring at least moderate stability of the ores and surrounding rocks. Its advantages lie in the simultaneous multi-section stoping and centralized operation, considerable flexibility in the implementation of trackless ...
Stability of underground mine development intersections during …
The stability of mine developments is of utmost importance during the planned period of production or the life of a mine plan. Many Canadian underground mines use transverse stoping with delayed backfill to extract tabular ore deposits.These methods require access to the orebody through a number of sill drives and cross cuts which link …
Factors Influencing Stope Hanging Wall Stability and …
designed stope (i.e., mining lines) and can be optimized by selecting an appropriate mining method and stope design (Henning 2007). The amount of planned dilution mainly depends on the mining method and the orebody geometry. It is primarily considered when conducting feasibility studies to estimate the ore reserve and mining operating costs.
Comprehensive evaluation method of stope stability and its …
With the mining activity going deeper, the ground stress increases, the mining technical conditions and environment deteriorate seriously, and the mining cost increases sharply. The premise of mining is to ensure the stability of rock mass during the mining activity, so it is necessary to design a reasonable stope structure parameter that …
Study of the Influence of Block Caving Underground Mining on …
Block caving mining method is one of the most viable and preferred mass underground mining methods for low grade orebody. However, in combined surface and underground mining, the breakthrough of an underground caving under an open pit may result in subsidence at the bottom of the pit. This can pose a serious threat for the …
(PDF) A Critical Review of the Stability Graph Method
The stabi lity. graph method for open stope mining (bulk mining method) was developed by Mathews et al. (19 81) at the. beginning of the shift from surface to underground bu lk mining for ...
Ground behaviour analysis, support system design and …
Development of deep underground mining projects is crucial for optimum extraction of mineral deposits. The main challenges at great depth are high rock stress …
Slope Failure of Shilu Metal Mine Transition from Open-Pit …
The instability of slopes and ground subsidence caused by the conversion from open-pit to underground mining are important aspects of mining disaster research. This study focuses on the instability of slopes and ground subsidence during the conversion from open-pit to underground mining in the Beiyi mining area of the Shilu …
Stope Structural Parameters Design towards Green and Deep Mining …
The open stope and backfill mining methods need to ensure the stability of the stope during the ore extraction process. Therefore, the design methods involve establishing a mechanical analysis model to study the relationship between pillar, stope size, and stope stability [93,94,95,96,97].
Stability analysis of large-scale stope using stage subsequent filling
After substituting the related mechanical parameters listed in Table 1 in Eq. (10), the relation curve between the required strength of backfilling body and the exposed height is obtained and shown in Fig. 3, where the length of the ore room is 50 m, and the width is 25 m.It can be seen from Fig. 3 that the required strength of backfilling body …
Study on Overburden Stability Control by Expandable Pillar …
To solve the problems of high ore resources loss and natural pillar splitting failure in multi-stope mining of gently inclined thin orebody by traditional room-and-pillar method, the overburden stability control technology by replacing natural pillars with pre-stressed expandable pillars (PEP) is developed in this paper. By means of numerical …
Minerals | Free Full-Text | Stability Evaluation and …
A reasonable and stable stope structure is the premise of realizing safe mining of underground metal ore.
Paper: Fundamentals for cave back and in-ground …
Abstract: The mining industry is pushing the boundaries in the application of cave mining with challenging ore bodies and ground conditions, production ramp-up, and higher throughput. With this, monitoring technologies need to progress to enable management of the associated geotechnical risks. Alongside recent advancements, wireless in-ground …
Investigation of Backfilling Step Effects on Stope …
Backfilling can improve stope stability in underground workings and then improve ground stability of the whole mine site. However, backfilling step scenarios vary from site to site. This paper …
Damage Evolution Mechanism of Extraction Structure During Mining …
The ore deposit of Tongkuangyu Copper Mine is dominated by bornite, the main orebodies are 4 # and 5 # with dip angles of 40°–60°. The average thickness of 4 # orebody is 95 m and the maximum thickness is 151 m. The average thickness of 5 # orebody is 97 m and the maximum thickness is 155 m. The properties of main ore …
(PDF) Probabilistic assessment of slope stability at ore mining …
Probabilistic assessment of slope stability at ore mining with steep layers in deep open pits. December 2022. DOI: 10.33271/mining16.04.011. Authors: Olena Sdvyzhkova. Dnipro University of ...
Stability assessment of surrounding rock in downward mining …
Downward route backfill is the main mining method used in Shanjin gold mine, due to its crashed rock mass in the underground mining area. The stage height, sublevel height, and layer height are 40 ...
Minerals | Free Full-Text | Numerical Estimation of Shaft Stability …
In this study, a three-dimensional finite difference numerical model of the Jinfeng Gold Mine, including surface topography, ore body, shafts, and main faults, was built to estimate the shaft stability and surface deformation induced by underground mining transferred from open-pit mining. Satellite monitoring data of surface …
INSTRUMENTS FOR MONITORING STABILITY OF UNDERGROUND OPENINGS …
If used correctly, these instruments can provide important quantitative information regarding the mining-. induced behavior of the host rock, the performance of ground support systems, and the ...
Underground Mine | AllMinings
Ground Control: Ensuring the stability of the surrounding rock mass is crucial for safety and operational success. Ore Recovery: While block caving is efficient, some ore may be left behind in the mining process. Block caving is widely employed in mining operations, especially for extracting large quantities of ore from deep, tabular …
Ground behaviour analysis, support system design and …
Hazardous condition in the ground may lead to a delay in production, high-cost in rehabilitation, damage support and mining equipment, loss of ore reserves, and injury and fatalities of personnel. ... The factor of safety is a key for stability analysis and design of a ground support surrounding a rock mass in underground structures. This ...
Analysis of the roof span stability in terms of room-and …
It has been determined that during the mining of ore bodies 4 and 6, protecting pillars between the quarry and the underground mine, crown pillars between the levels up to the level of +144 m, the ...
Influence of filling mining on ground stability in a metal mine
An introduction to the phenomena of the ground surface deformation and ground fissures due to underground mining is given in Jinchuan Nickel Mine which is the largest underground mine with cut-and ...
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Ground stability analysis and control of large-scale isolated …
Ground stability analysis and control of large-scale isolated stopes by a combined support of reinforced concretes and expandable props. ... In the process of mining underground ore bodies, due to the unreasonable mining sequence, a number of isolated stopes appear [1], [2]. Since the isolated stope is surrounded by goafs, it is …
TECHNOLOGIES AND PRACTICES FOR REMOTELY …
In this study, a review of ground stability monitoring in underground metal mines in the U.S. was conducted to understand the current practices and barriers to implementing remote monitoring.
Stability analysis and movement process determination …
tors, most ore bodies that adopt the open-pit to under-ground mining mode are those with a large dip angle (Sokolov et al. 2013; MacNeil and Dimitrakopoulos 2017). From Eq. (1), it is evident that, the rock move-ment range is almost completely concentrated in the hanging wall, when the dip angle of the ore body tends to be horizontal.